This program contributes to the annual assessment of hatchery and wild salmon populations throughout the Columbia Basin.  Specifically, the goal of the coded-wire tag program, in conjunction with other Columbia River marking programs, is to tag a statistically valid number of coho and Chinook salmon from each hatchery such that accurate estimates of survival and distribution in the ocean, in freshwater fisheries and escapement areas can be made.  Historically, the objective of the CWT program has been to release adequate numbers of CWT marked fish to ensure sufficient power of detecting a 50% difference in survival among compared groups (i.e. p= 1-0.95/2).  Each coded wire tag group represents a portion of the total hatchery production for the species.  Multiple tag groups at each hatchery represent different production scenarios, such as one portion of the production released at a different time or size than another portion.  Monitoring and evaluation objectives, and the marking and sampling rigor needed to achieve them have become increasingly complex as hatchery production and harvest management in the Columbia Basin have evolved to emphasize protection of ESA-listed stocks.

The expected outcome of continuing this project is to provide a long and consistent time series of data that can be used to measure trends in the abundance, survival, contribution to fisheries, and distribution of selected hatchery stocks.  In addition, the abundance and distribution data from the tagged hatchery stocks will be critical to the management of natural stocks, particularly those that are listed as threatened and endangered under the ESA.

Fish managers, researchers, mitigation agencies and others use the CWT release and recovery data to evaluate a number of administrative, management and environmental effects on salmon and steelhead.  For example, the harvest management agencies combine CWT data with other data and information to estimate the effects of harvest regulation on populations of salmon and steelhead.  Others use CWT data to estimate the rates of escapement into the wild of a population of hatchery fish (i.e. stray rates).  Others, including BPA, use CWT data to determine survival of different hatchery operations, hence the effectiveness of the hatchery programs they fund.  Others use CWT data to determine the effectiveness of specific hatchery or other management actions.

For the  CY 2011 WDFW CWT contract, we were able to reduce some staff time that helped provide sufficient funds for a modest increase (5%) in the number of salmon to be given coded wire tags in 2011 (1,204,670)  vs. that in 2010 (1,143,190).

Project objectives, work elements, and milestones in 2011 are very similar to those in recent years.