[CCR-32945]:  Project life-cycle now spans three contract periods over a 30 - 36 month duration covering design (Year-1), and the subsequent implementation of the restoration design, including the construction of engineered structures and other channel and floodplain features (Years 2 and 3). The project construction period was split into two phases, extending implementation for up to an additional year, because of the limitation of available FY13  funds to construct the design during the first "build" phase (Year 2).  Subsequently, actual construction bids (quotes) still exceeded the combined FY13-14 funding available during the Summer 2014 work-period, requiring contract managers to defer construction of several design features and structures in the lower end of the Project reach.  The contract is now further extended for an additional build-period (3-months), and funds are added, to pick-up the next in-water work period (2015) and complete the remaining structures deferred during the Phase II construction period.

[CCR-35460]:  This now 24-month contract is to complete the implementation of the engineered design that could not be completed during a Phase II construction period (Year 3); the additional 6-month period and funds support remaining construction activities, expected to be performed by a WDFW construction crew, including:  
  -- any subsequent design modifications that may be required (following review), or as an adaptation in response to changes in channel geomorphology or site conditions (since completion of the design and the initial construction phase)
  -- modifications to or renewal of existing permits; or additional required permitting
  -- revised or amended environmental and cultural resource clearances
  -- adjustments to implementation strategies or approaches, including scheduling and logistics, that facilitate the construction of improved habitat features, in-channel structures, and other actions to restore ecological function
  -- vegetative plantings that are an integral component of the restoration design, to improve habitat function and connectivity; and
--  the remediation of construction impacts that includes the clean-up and restoration of construction access points and materials or equipment storage and mobilization areas.

Status:  Initial construction planning, the definition of access points, and pre-construction activities related to materials management and storage, commenced under the FY13 Phase I contract (#62573).  At the time of the development of this SOW, it was not feasible to precisely delineate or project a construction status as a static starting-point for the Phase II contract,  As expected, the Phase I construction work on-site was not scheduled to commence until July 2014.  The Contractor and COTR have used their best effort and judgment to reflect the work expected during each construction phase, in the accompanying Line-item Budget cost estimate attached to this SOW [and the subsequent CCR-32945 and 35460] (summarized as follows).  

Anticipated Implementation Actions (from the 90% Design Report):  
     Phase I -- Protect the existing spring channel in the right floodplain. Install ELJs and other LWD to initiate side channel development through the left floodplain, which was recently converted to public land.  Remove levees and spoils and modify existing wood and rock structures to improve their habitat benefits and reduce impediments to natural processes.  
     Phase II -- Complete installation of features; adjust and contour floodplain elevations in response to change in channel function and hydrologic regime.  (Re)plant adjacent floodplain and riparian areas; re-vegetate and restore disturbed construction access sites and materials or equipment staging areas.  The contract was extended for 3-months (Apr - Jun) to a 15-month term, in order to support the design plantings and revegetation during the Spring period.
     [CCR-32945]: The project is further extended for an additional 3-months (Jul - Sep) to encompass the 2015 in-water work-period; to complete construction activities to install remaining design features and channel structures, the costs of which could not be accommodated within the initial contract award value based on available FY14 funds.
     [CCR-35460]: The project is again adjusted, and funds added ($55,000), to extend performance for another 6-months (Oct - Mar) beyond the 2015 in-water work-period; to complete: a) in-channel, floodplain, and riparian construction components; b) associated restoration plantings and riparian features; c) remediation of impacts to work-areas, staging areas, and construction access points; and demobilization of temporary bridge crossing and road access.  In particular, the COTR has determined that additional funds are needed for post-construction restoration activities, riparian and floodplain planting of native trees, shrubs and grasses, site remediation, and demobilization costs - all of which are higher than typical because of the difficulty of construction access at this site, and the construction of a temporary road and bridge crossing (which must be removed) seasonally.

Summary:  Enhancing and restoring instream habitat in this project area will be accomplished through a variety of treatment actions in the main channel, along the banks, and within the floodplain. These treatments include construction of instream habitat features such as engineered log jams (ELJs), habitat logs, removal of infrastructure such as spoils material and artificial embankment, excavation of relic side channel areas, development of off-channel habitats, and the installation of riparian plantings.  The principal benefits of project implementation will be restoration of historic spring Chinook spawning, rearing (summer/winter), and migration corridor habitats.  The associated treatment of riparian areas is expected to induce naturally occurring repair, restoration, and recovery of both floodplain and riparian zone function and processes.

Design Focus:  Emphasis is on increasing in-channel complexity through the placement of LWD to promote the reduction of channel confinement.  A description of the project area with respect to existing natural processes and habitat conditions is provided in the Design Report, along with the specific physical and biological objectives that the proposed restoration features are expected to address and achieve.  In addition, the project’s contribution to the overall watershed-scale restoration plan is described.  Construction considerations, implementation cost estimates, and best management practices are included for the treatment actions proposed in the restoration plan and Design Report for Area 15.

Potential Challenges:  Some trees and other existing vegetation may be disturbed in the process of gaining access to and placing the LWD structures, and removing or breaching the levee or other areas of artificial berm-embankment or spoils deposition.  Project actions in the upstream end of the project area from RM 37.00 to 36.35 will involve cooperation of adjacent landowners.  Because this project area is located just upstream of a residential area, LWD will likely require stabilization, especially in the lower reach, under extreme high-flow conditions to prevent it from mobilizing.
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Design Phase (provided here for context):  The Year-1 contract (#58975) encompassed:
- a final assessment, design report, and project design,
- any subsequent design modifications (following review), and
- the initiation of permitting requirements, and environmental and cultural resources clearances, if possible.

Background:  Under prior contracts, BPA and Salmon Recovery Funding Board (SRFB) and Columbia Conservation District (CCD) coordinated the development of a habitat restoration plan for the Tucannon River.  Initial focus was on Spring Chinook spawning and rearing core reaches, Reaches 6-10, RM-20 upstream to RM-50 (Anchor QEA, 2011).  The District has continued to work in cooperation with the Snake River Salmon Recovery Board (SRSRB) and Walla Walla Community College (WWCC) to complete the restoration assessment and plan from RM-20 downstream to RM-1.95, River Reaches 2-5 (Anchor QEA, 2011, 2012).  These Conceptual plans prioritized projects into three Tiers (1-3) based on the projected effects of implementation as a benefit to Snake River spring Chinook and Steelhead, cost-efficiency relative to those benefits and the feasibility of construction.  

Walla Walla Community College (WWCC) and the SRSRB received state Salmon Recovery Funding Board (SRFB) money to advance priority Tier-1 projects (from the Conceptual Restoration Plan) to a 30% design-stage during the 2012 field season.  The Area-15 project, identified as aTier-1 priority project in the restoration plan, was designed to a 30% level, as part of the grant held by the SRSRB.  The 30% Design Plan for Project Area 15 began to describe the purpose, function, design, and construction of restoration treatments proposed for implementation in this river segment.  Between September 2012 and into the summer of 2013 the Snake River Salmon Recovery Board (SRSRB) staff and implementation partners advanced the development of the restoration designs to a near-final (90%) Plan and Report, pursuant to the prior-year design contract;

Status:  The prior contract will produce the engineering design report, construction specifications, and estimate of probable costs required to permit and implement the Project Area-15 Tucannon River project.  Contract staff also began to initiate and coordinate permitting requirements and environmental clearances in anticipation of design implementation and project construction in the summer of 2014.  Cultural Resource protection investigations associated with planned materials staging areas, equipment mobilization, and work-site access in particular have required immediate attention and deliberate scheduling to initiate compliance actions such as surveys, and other requirements, in order for clearances to be timely during the expected construction period.  
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Future Management Considerations

Background:  The Tucannon River basin is located in Southeast Washington State in Columbia and Garfield counties.  The system-wide restoration objective for the Tucannon River is to improve habitat conditions for Endangered Species Act (ESA) listed species (Snake River Spring Chinook and Steelhead) for all life history stages.  It is expected that improved habitat conditions will lead to an increase in the abundance of listed species returning to the river.  Increasing abundance will lead to de-listing of the species, which is the overall recovery goal for the system.  Previous efforts (CCD 2004; SRSRB 2006) have identified the habitat-limiting factors associated with the decline of ESA-listed populations.

Geomorphic Implications:  LWD placement throughout the stream reach will force pools and hydraulic variability in the plane-bed channel sections, decrease instream velocities, and provide additional hydraulic complexity in the deep, incised sections. Placing ELJs in strategic locations along the left bank will promote side channel development through the former Russell property, developing a more complex channel network. Throughout the LWD placement areas, the structures will promote retention of additional LWD and bed-load that will promote building up the bed elevation over time and increasing floodplain connectivity. Removing the levee at RM-36.4 will ease channel confinement and allow for better floodplain connectivity during high flows.

Biological Benefits:  Adding complexity to the project area via LWD will address habitat limiting factors in the mainstem by diversifying the channel and initiating side channel development. In the short term, the pools that form at the structures will increase the available area for holding in the project area. The hydraulic diversity created by the structures will provide high-flow refuge and low-flow cover for juveniles. The structures also sort bed-load sediment, leading to the formation of spawning areas. In the long term, ELJs will promote channel complexity by splitting flow and encouraging the natural processes that drive the formation of habitat elements such as pools and side channels. The availability of diverse habitats will increase the carrying capacity for juvenile salmonids and increase the number of pools for holding adults. Levee removal and modifying the existing revetment structures will increase floodplain connectivity and the ability for the channel to migrate throughout the valley. In the long term, increased floodplain connectivity will lead to better riparian conditions that drive many ecosystem processes that are beneficial to both aquatic and non-aquatic species.